Expandable microspheres
Expandable microspheres are hollow polymeric spheres each of which comprises a thermoplastic shell encapsulating liquid hydrocarbon. When heated to a temperature high enough to soften the shell, the increasing pressure of the hydrocarbon will cause the microsphere to expand, increasing the sphere volume by 80 to 100 times.
The density of microspheres after expansion can be lower than 30 kg/m3(0.03 g/cm3) which makes them an ideal lightweight filler and a foaming agent for all kinds of plastics and rubber.